Since you have to pull the driver's side kick panel to disconnect the tail lamp harness, start with a visual inspection of the trunk harness wiring. Then remove all four taillight bulbs and disconnect the pigtail for the license plate lamp and try again. If it no longer blows the fuse, you have a shorted or incorrect bulb.

Do the taillights and parking lights work if you don't step on the brake pedal? Do the hazards work in the back if you don't step on the brake pedal? If so, the brake pedal switch itself may be bad.