I have never had this issue but here are a few thoughts on it.

I'm a little lost on the "I turned the motor over by the crank to line up the eccentric and there was a little resistance but the pump bolted up, connected the fuel lines...and no fuel" Not sure what you mean by this.

If the eccentric is in the down possition then putting the pump in is a PITA. If the eccentric is up then it goes in pretty easy.

Also if the gas all fed back into the tank then priming it may take a bit of cranking.

I would take a small gas cantainer and run a short hose from the pump to the gas container and also run short piece right out of the pump for testing. Shouldn't take much cranking then to see if everything is working.

Not sure there is a good way to verify that the eccentic is moving the fuel pump arm. Maybe if someone else knows they can chime in.

As was mentioned the fuel sock and hoses may be suspect. I bought some special race hose that is made for todays fuel its blue in color and very stiff. No chance of it collapsing and pinching off gas due to pump suction. And as also mention todays gas can do bad things to the inside of these hoses if they are old. When I pulled the sender on my tank the fuel sock crumbled on me.

I also had fuel starvation with my car. The q-jet has very small bowls and combined with the stock fuel line and g-force while accelerating it causes issues same as yours. For me it was the top of 2nd gear or about 4800 RPM or so. The only thing I did was run a new 1/2 line and RobbMc Sender. I still have the same small cannister stock fuel pump. I did add a return line to my car also.

Many people have had really good luck just running an electric pusher pump back by the tank. This has several advantages with todays gas and how easily it evaporates. Lot less pumping and cranking after the car has sat for a while..